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Willy DJONKOUH YAMDEU TCHOUKOUAHA

University of Montagnes, Bangangté, Cameron.

Title: INFLUENCE OF THE OCCURRENCE OF THE SARS-CoV 2 PANDEMIC ON THE PREVALENCE OF SYMPTOMATIC CARRIAGE OF RESISTANT BACTERIA IN PATIENTS OF TWO REFERENCE HOSPITALS IN YAOUNDE.

Biography

Biography: Willy DJONKOUH YAMDEU TCHOUKOUAHA

Abstract

Introduction: The overuse of antibiotic prophylaxis during the COVID-19 pandemic would have led to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, thereby increasing the epidemiological burden of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of our work was to show that the prevalence of symptomatic carriage of resistant bacterial strains varied during the year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the years before and after, in 02 referral health facilities in Yaoundé.

Objectives: We conducted a retrospective analytical study over a period of 03 years (from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021) in the bacteriology departments of the Central and General Hospitals of Yaoundé, Cameroon. The review of the services' registers was done to identify the bacterial population isolated respecting the characteristics of the germs pre-selected at the beginning. The relationship that could exist between each group of bacteria declared resistant and the antibiotic most indicated to destroy it was determined by simple linear regression; the comparison of the prevalences of before and after to that of the year of the occurrence of the pandemic was done by the Chi2 test of independence.

Results: A total of 426 bacterial strains of Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Neisseria meningitidis and Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 426 patients, divided into 160 strains in 2019, 120 strains in 2020 and 146 in 2021. The prevalence of resistant strains was 70% in 2020, 58.8% in 2019 and 58.9% in 2021, with the highest prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae-specific resistance in 2020 (86.95%). Our study shows that overall resistance to Cefixime, Azythromycin and Erythromycin was statistically related with varying degrees to strains of Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus that became resistant before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, during the year 2020 we identified a strong and statistically significant association between resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains and Cefixime (R= 0.7 ; P-value= 0.0001) and the relationship between resistant Staphylococcus strains and Erythromycin became very strong and statistically significant (R= 0.8; P-value= 0.0001), it could be that the more frequent use of these antibiotics has increased the number of resistant strains. 

Conclusion: The change in symptomatic carriage prevalence of resistant bacterial strains from 2019 to 2021 is statistically related to the year of occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic